Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Sanaa Haroon
Fayoum University, Egypt
Keynote: Application of molecular tools and technologies for plant nematode identification in Egypt
Time : 11:20-12:10
Biography:
Sanaa Haroon is a Molecular Nematologist completed her MS and PhD from Florida University, USA. She is the Director of Nematology and Biotechnology lab, Fayoum University, Egypt. She is the Egyptian Representative in the International Federation of Nematology. She has Published 72 papers and awarded by the Prime Minister in the Global Environmental (Bio control), recipient of the Excellence prize 2007 in Molecular Nematology area and National Promotion for Science from the Academy of Science. She has participated in 18 international conferences; Grant coordinator of 16 projects through her scientific life (USA, Germany, Holland, Sweden, European Union). She is also a Member in 9 scientific organizations.
Abstract:
Molecular biology and its application have been used as strong tool for research; it provides an understanding of host parasite interaction at molecular level and seeking new means of parasite intervention. We focus on recent progress in the molecular mechanisms of host parasite relationship with special emphasis to nematode as a serious pest to human, animal and plant our research focus on nematode problems in plants. Root Knot considered as one of the most important pest all over the world, many species has been identified to cause problems to field crops, vegetables and fruit trees. Molecular tools were used for nematode identification, Ribosomal DNA for ITs spacer to identify different genera while multiplex test for different species in mixed population. Different population and races within root knot was determining using RAPD technology, Dendrogram was developed to provide analysis the relationship between populations. RELP technology plays an important role for species analysis; restriction enzymes used to identify species of Root Knot also SCAR techniques used to obtain special markers for each species. Laser captures Micro dissection (LCM) was used for expression analysis of giant cells that is formed by Nematode. Giant cells were collected using (LCM), RNA was extracted and used to make a cDNA library and expressed sequence technology (ESTs) produced and used for gene ontology analysis (LCM) allowed for the isolation of tissue enriched for giant cell providing material suitable for a variety of Molecular analysis. RNAi is also a tool both in cell culture and in living organisms.
- Biotechnology in Agriculture & Biochemistry, Cell Biology, Molecular Biology and Microbiology
Chair
Sanaa Haroon
Fayoum University, Egypt
Session Introduction
Layam Anitha
Princess Noura Bint Abdul Rahman University, KSA
Title: Bio-fortification of Spirulina platensis to enhance the zinc status in plants of Amaranthus gangeticus, Phaseolus aureus and tomato
Biography:
Layam Anitha has completed her PhD from Sri Padmavathi Mahila Women’s University and has post graduate teaching and research experience. She has published several research articles in reputed journals in food science and nutrition areas. To her credit, she has a patent for product development. Currently, she is working as Associate Professor in Princess Noura University, Riyadh, KSA.
Abstract:
The yield of agricultural crops depends on balanced nutrition. Micro elements distribution within plants influences the growth and development of plant. The trace element zinc is directly involved in hormone regulation and pigment synthesis in plants. The influence of various concentrations of zinc uptake by plants has been studied by many researchers. Zinc deficiency in food crops is wide spread and almost 50% of productive agricultural soils are deficient in zinc. About 50% of world human population is also zinc deficient. Several types of zinc fertilizers are available in the form of chelated zinc that is relatively mobile in the soil. The inorganic fertilizers like zinc oxides, sulphate and nitrates are widely used but are highly expensive. The low cost bio-fertilizers had shown good effects in increasing the zinc concentration in soil and crops. It has been suggested that the integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers hugely benefits the sustainable agriculture in the form of obtaining great yields and good quality grains. To enhance the zinc levels in the foods bio-fortification is the best approach. Enrichment of zinc in seeds of wheat, pulses and vegetables are helpful in meeting the zinc requirement. Bio-fortification is done through effective fertilization and selection of crops that have potential to efficient absorption of zinc from soil and ability to translocate the zinc to various plant parts. In the present study, the zinc levels were found to be increased after supplementation of Spirulina in different combinations and experimental setups. The NIN standard values of zinc in Amaranthus were 0.18 mg/100 g, which were increased after experiment in Spirulina + chemical fertilizer combination in 75: 25 proportions (6.9 mg/100 g). The NIN standard values for green gram are 3 mg/100 g which were increased further after the field experiment in Spirulina + organic manure treatment in 50: 50 proportions the value (5.4 mg/100 g). The NIN standard zinc values for tomato are 0.41 mg/100 g and this has been much increased after the field experiment in Spirulina two hours soaking method (0.52 mg/100 g). Further studies have to be carried out at molecular level to establish the zinc transport mechanism and bio availability with the positive results from present study.
Hala Abdel Wahab
Ain Shams University, Egypt
Title: Isolation and identification of some secondary metabolites from associated apple plant fungus Asperillus tubingensis
Biography:
Hala Abdel Wahab has completed her PhD in 2006 from Paris-Sud University, France. She is an Assistant Professor since 2013 at Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo, Egypt and the Director of Molecular Diagnostic of Plant Diseases Lab. She has published & under published about 11 papers in local and reputed journals and has obtained a project fund as a Principal Investigator from Science and Technology Development Fund, Scientific Research Ministry. She had also registered two patents 2012 at patent office, Scientific Research Ministry
Abstract:
Gray Mold is a serious constraint in strawberry production worldwide. Early detection of infected strawberry fruits before appearance of symptoms allows timely treatment. Two useful alternative systems, molecular analysis and remote sensing have been used for monitoring large plant samples at a single time point as the early diagnosis is otherwise not possible by visual observation alone. The current study demonstrated that both techniques: The real time PCR and spectroradiometer are reliable techniques for early diagnosis of gray mold in strawberry fruits under laboratory condition. However, the molecular method is very expensive for a routine use. Therefore, the long-term goal of this research is to develop a fast screening technique that can accurately detect and quantify Botrytis infections. The two comparative detection tests were evaluated to identify the Botrytis-infected samples from different infection levels of strawberry fruits. We found that v/near, swir1 and swir2 are the range significant to differentiate between healthy and infected strawberry fruits. Results of this study could suggest potential usage of laboratory remote sensing in monitoring gray mold in symptomless infected fruits. Thus it will be useful for assessing the quiescent infection before export
Hassan Awad Ahmed Mohamed
Saratov State University, Russia
Title: Isolation and identification of some secondary metabolites from associated apple plant fungus Asperillus tubingensis
Biography:
Hassan Awad Ahmed Mohamed is a PhD student at Saratov State University, Russian Federation. He is working as an Assistant Lecturer, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Egypt. He has attended many international conferences
Abstract:
Filamentous fungi in the Aspergillus tubingensis (strain AN103) is a black Aspergillus belonging to the Aspergillus section Nigri represent some of the most widespread food, fruits and feed contaminants known but they are also some of the most important workhorses used by the biotechnological industry, study strain was isolated from Golden delicious apple fields at Volga region, Saratov city, Russia. Black Aspergilli were found in 19 of 28 different apple stem samples ranging from 10 to 45colonies forming units per 10cm stem surface. This species morphologically resemblesAspergillus niger. Among the secreted extract components, six dimeric naphtho-g-pyrones, named Fonsecin, Pyranopyrrol A, Rubrofusarin B, Citreonigrin E, Cyclopenol and a New Asperazine Derivate were isolated from apple associated endophytic fungus Aspergillus tubingensis (AN103) cultivated in solid rice medium. The fungal isolate (AN103) was morphologically characterized by performing cotton blue staining and Molecular characterization performed by ITS1, 4 rRNA gene sequence analysis and it was confirmed as Aspergillus tubingensis. Fungal metabolites and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including HPLC, LC-MS- and 1H-NMR
Yati Vaidya
Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Study & Research in Biotechnology and Allied Sciences (ARIBAS), India
Title: Insight into the microbial diversity of healthy human milk by metagenomic approach
Time : 15:20-15:40
Biography:
Yati Vaidya has completed her MSc Integrated Biotechnology (specialization in General Biotechnology) from Ashok and Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Study and Research in Biotechnology and Allied Sciences, Anand, Gujarat, India. During Master’s her dissertation topic was “Isolation and characterization of probiotic bacteria from human milk”. Presently, she is pursuing PhD in Genetics under the guidance of Dr. Anju Kunjadia (Associate Professor in Biotechnology) on “Exploring the microbiota from human milk”. In her PhD studies she is trying to explore the microbes present in the healthy human milk using both culture dependent and independent technique.
Abstract:
Breast milk is considered as an essential component in metabolic and immunologic activity of neonate’s health. Mothers transfer the breast milk microbiota to their infants to impact infant growth and development. Breast milk provides an optimal nutrition for infants and reduces their risk of infectious diseases. As many as 60% of organisms detected using molecular techniques will not grow in standard bacterial culture media. So the aim of the present study is to use the metagenomic approach to explore bacterial diversity by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of 16 healthy human milk samples. The data were analyzed in MG-RAST using best hit approach with 80% identity. Out of which 93% of the total reads were allotted to bacteria. Detection using molecular techniques has broadened our understanding of microbiota about 14% of sequences cannot be classified suggesting an expansive microbial world. However 87% sequences are predominantly aligned with the phyla Proteobacteria followed by Firmicutes. Genus like Pseudomonas (11.94%), Bacillus (5.81%), Pantoea (4.24%), Escherichia (3.88%), Serratia (3.74%), Staphylococcus (2.46%), Enterococcus (0.19%), Lysinibacillus (0.12%), Erwinia (0.10%), Brevibacillus (0.02%), Paenibacillus (0.02%), Lactobacillus (0.02%), Anoxybacillus (0.01%), Brevundimonas (0.01%) and Yersinia (0.01%) were predominated. Our results indicate that breast milk has a dynamic microbial ecology with a microbiota composed of skin and enteric-associated bacteria and pathogens. With improved understanding of the impact of breast milk microbiota, it may be possible to manipulate these microbial communities to improve the health and development of mothers and their neonates
- Poster Presentations